Measurement Basics
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Common Ingredient Weight Charts Explained

Published June 17, 20267 min readBy ConvertKitchen Editorial Team
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Flour per Cup120g - 125g
Sugar per Cup200g
Butter per Cup227g
Water per Cup236.6g

Walk into any professional bakery, and you'll find an ingredient weight chart taped to the wall. It is the chef's decoder ring, translating older cup-based recipes into precise, scale-friendly weights.

Because flour is light and fluffy, sugar is heavy, and butter is solid, you can't just use one simple multiplier to convert everything. Here is how baking weight charts work, along with standard weights for all your pantry essentials.

Baking Weight Cheat Sheet

  • Dry Flours: Average **120g - 125g** per cup. Bread flour is slightly heavier (~130g).
  • Sweeteners: Granulated sugar is **200g** per cup. Packed brown sugar is **213g**. Icing sugar is **113g**.
  • Fats: Solid butter is **227g** per cup (113g per stick). Oils average **218g**.
  • Liquids: Water, milk, and eggs average **236g - 244g** per cup.

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Skip the guesswork. Use our free Cups to Grams Converter to swap cups for grams for over 100 common ingredients in a second.

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Baking ingredients on table with conversion chart
Using a master weight chart ensures consistency, regardless of who scooped the cup.

Master Ingredient Weight Chart

Here are the standard gram weights you'll want to use when converting volume recipes to weight:

Ingredient1 Cup (Grams)1 Tbsp (Grams)1 Tsp (Grams)
All-Purpose Flour125g7.8g2.6g
Bread Flour130g8.1g2.7g
Granulated Sugar200g12.5g4.2g
Packed Brown Sugar213g13.3g4.4g
Powdered Sugar113g7.0g2.3g
Unsalted Butter227g14.2g4.7g
Vegetable Oil218g13.6g4.5g
Whole Milk244g15.3g5.1g
Baking Powder192g (N/A)14.0g4.6g
Baking Soda288g (N/A)18.0g6.0g
Fine Sea Salt288g (N/A)18.0g6.0g

Using a weight chart removes the variables from your kitchen. It makes sure your 'cup of flour' is the exact amount the recipe developer intended.

Tips for Using a Weight Chart in Real Life

Here is how to put these numbers to work at your counter:

  • Do the math: If a recipe calls for 2.5 cups of flour, just multiply the cup weight from the chart by the volume. In this case: 2.5 × 125g = **312.5 grams**.
  • Keep the spoons for tiny amounts: Standard kitchen scales aren't great at measuring tiny weights under 5 grams. For leaveners and spices like baking soda or salt, stick to your measuring spoons. It's much easier to scoop a level teaspoon than to try and weigh 6 grams of salt on a cheap scale.
  • Watch out for water absorption: Ingredients like whole wheat flour or rolled oats soak up moisture like a sponge. Stick to the exact chart weights to keep your dough hydration where it belongs.
Teaspoon and tablespoon conversion guide
Using measuring spoons remains the best method for small dry quantities under 5 grams.

Liquid Density Rule

Water and vinegars weigh exactly 1 gram per milliliter, meaning 1 cup is 236.6g. Whole milk is slightly heavier at 244g, while vegetable oil is lighter at 218g. Don't assume all liquids weigh the same!

Try Our Converter

Don't want to pull out a calculator? Use our free Cups to Grams Converter to look up standard weights for flour, sugar, butter, and more automatically.

More Baking Tools

Keep your measurements precise with these free calculators:

The Bottom Line

An ingredient weight chart is one of the best tools you can have in a baking kitchen. By translating cups into solid gram weights, you can rely on a kitchen scale and stop worrying about whether your scooping technique is correct.

Frequently Asked Questions

Weight charts depend on the brand density and measuring technique the authors used. For example, King Arthur Baking uses 120 grams per cup of flour (their flour is less dense), whereas other charts use 125 grams (standard commercial average). When in doubt, follow the chart provided by your recipe's author.
Baking powder and baking soda have densities around 4.6 grams per teaspoon. Because standard kitchen scales are only accurate to 1g, it is often easier and perfectly reliable to use measuring spoons for amounts under 1 tablespoon, unless you have a high-precision micro-scale.

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